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La lampreda di fiume, Lampetra fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
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Note sulla nomenclatura - Non esiste del materiale tipo per Petromyzon fluviatilis di Linneo e per P. branchialis (Fernholm & Wheeler, 1983; Whecler, 1985, 1989: 157). I resoconti di Linneo sono altresì basati sui primi autori di cui non sappiamo se esistano degli specimen preservati. Gli specimen del Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, di Ginevra, Svizzera 816.18 provenienti dal fiume Reno a Basilea, sono designati come neotipi di entrambe le specie P. fluviatilis e P. branchialis. Entrambi sono sinonimi simultanei e, in accordo con M. Kottelat, si ritiene che P. fluviatilis abbia la priorità. Come sostiene Hardisty (in Holcík, 1986: 249, 278), Petromyzon branchialis, Linnaeus, 1758, include gli ammoceti di L. fluviatilis e L. planeri; non esistono dati a supporto ma questa sembra essere una possibilità. La relazione di Linneo è molto breve e poco esplicativa; questo è ancor più vero per le sue fonti bibliografiche. I primi autori (e.g., Günther, 1870: 504) consideravano P. branchialis come conspecifico di L. planeri. Se si seguisse questa linea, P. branchialis avrebbe la priorità e il nome della specie che stiamo esaminando, soggetto di numerose ricerche, dovrebbe essere cambiato. La precedente designazione di neotipo deve essere definitivamente scartata perché presuppone un cambio di nomenclatura.Berg (1931: 111; 1948: 49) riporta come Lampetra fluviatilis f. praecox uno stock simpatrico con P. fluviatilis nelle correnti che drenano il Golfo di Finlandia e la Norvegia del sud. Questo differisce per la taglia al momento della riproduzione. Berg (1948: 50) sembra suggerire che si tratti di un singolo ceppo di popolazione riproduttiva. Se non si accetta che queste caratteristiche precoci siano dei tratti ereditari, si potrebbe credere che siano coinvolte due specie; il nome praecox non sarebbe disponibile per lo stock di piccola taglia perché sarebbe infraspecifico (ICZN art. 45(g)) e dovrebbe essere ridescritto. Vedere Vladykov (in Hureau & Monod, 1973: 4) per altri commenti. Petromyzon sanguisuga, La Cepède (1800) e P. macrops, Blainville (1825) sono riferiti alla specie che stiamo esaminando, ma sembra che il materiale originario sia stato un mixer di L. fluviatilis e P. marinus. |
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Fonti bibliografiche principali - Vladykov, V. D., 1984. Petromyzonidae. p. 64 - 67. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M. L. Bauchot, J. C. Hureau, J. Nielsen, and E. Tortonese (ed.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. volume 1. |
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