Il naso, Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Specie tipo del genere

Nomi comuni esteri - Spagnolo - Condrostoma común. Portoghese - Boga-do-Danúbio. Francese - Nase, Nase commun, Alonge, Ame noire, Aucon, Chiffe, Écrivain, Fera, Mulet, Hotu, Muge, Nez, Seuffre, Tunar. Inglese - Nase, Sneep, Common nase, Undermouth. Tedesco - Nase, Nasling, Blaunase, Eltze, Elze, Erdfisch, Kräuterling, Kummel, Mundfisch, Naas, Nässling, Nösling, Oehrling, Oesling, Quermaul, Reckenzahn, Redfisch, Schnabel, Schnappel, Schwabe, Schwallfisch, Schwarzbauch, Schweinchen, Schweinsfisch, Spehlung, Speier, Speuzer, Sunnta, Swina, Untermaul, Zuppe. Olandese - Sneep. Danese - Næse, Næsling. Svedese - Näsling, Noskarp. Norvegese - Nesling. Finnico - Nokkasärki. Russo - Podust. Polacco - Swinka, Podusta. Repubblica Ceca - Cukparma, Nosák, Nosek, Nosen, Podustva, Ostroretka stehovava. Slovacchia - Podustva obycajná. Ungherese - Paduc. Rumeno - Scobai, Scobar, Podete, Podut, Mate-negre. Bulgaro - Skobar. Macedone - Skobust. Greco - Syrtis. Albanese - Njile e prespes, Njile malore. Serbo - Podust. Sloveno - Podust. Turco - Kababurun baligi.

Cyprinus nasus Linnaeus, 1758. Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1 325. Status: nomenclatura originaria, non valida. Opinioni: nomenclatura valida come "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Berg 1949:619, Elvira 1987:114, Lelek 1987:178, Coad 1991:23, Elvira 1991:149, Kottelat 1997:54, Bogutskaya 1997:151, Bogutskaya 1997:170, Reshetnikov et al. 1997:736, Bogutskaya 1998:60, Briolay et al. 1998:101, Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43, Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:200, Hanel 2003:50, Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:83, Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:168. Località tipo: fiume Reno. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus, 1758). Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1 325. Status: nuova nomenclatura, valida.

Chondrostoma nasus nasus (Linnaeus, 1758). Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1 325. Status: nuova nomenclatura, non valida.

Chondrostomus nasus auratus Schäfer, 1844. Moselfauna oder Handbuch der Zoologie,.... Erster Theil. Wirbelthiere: Säugethiere Bögel, Reptilien und Fische. Lintz, Trier. Moselfaund Handbuch Zool. i-xliv + 339 pp.; 305. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Elvira 1987:114, Kottelat 1997:54. Il genere originale dovrebbe essere "Chondrostoma". Località tipo: fiume Mosella a Trier, Germania. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: collocazione attuale ignota.

Chondrostoma nasus hernadiensis Jeitteles, 1862. Prodromus Faunae Vertebratorum Hungariae superioris. Beiträge zur näheren Kenntniss der Wirbelthiere Ungarn's. Verh. K.-K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 244-314; v. 12 306 [62]. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Elvira 1987:114, Kottelat 1997:54. Località tipo: fiume Hernad [Hornád], Kaschau, Cecoslovacchia. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: NMW 52475 (4).

Chondrostoma caerulescens Blanchard, 1866. Les poissons des eaux douces de la France. Paris. Poissons Eaux Douces France i-xvi + 1-656; 416 Fig. 4 Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Elvira 1987:116, Kottelat 1997:55. Località tipo: fiumi Doubs e Ognon, Francia. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: collocazione attuale ignota.

Chondrostoma nasus taeniata Fatio, 1882. Faune des vertébrés de la Suisse. Vol. 4. Histoire Naturelle des Poissons. Part I. Faune Verte. Suisse v. 4 i-xiv + 1-786; v. 4 Part 1 691. Status: nomenclatura infrasubspecifica, non disponibile, non valida. Opinioni: in sinonimia di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758). secondo Kottelat 1997:55.

Chondrostoma nasus macrolepidotus Veesenmayer, 1884. Beiträge zur Fauna Württembergs. I. "Barbus fluviatilis" var. "aurata". Jahresh. Ver. Vaterl. Nat. Württemberg, Stuttgart 325-326; v. 40 325. Status: nomen nudum, nomenclatura non valida. Originale non visionato. Provenienza del materiale: fiume Danubio nei pressi di Ulm, Germania.

Chondrostoma nasus var. borysthenica Dybowski, 1900. Faune de la Russie et des pays limitropes. Poissons, Marsipobranchii et Pisces. Vol. III. Ostariophysi, Part 2. St. Petersburg. Faune Russie Pays Limitropes 337-704. Status: nomen nudum, nomenclatura non valida.

Chondrostoma nasus borysthenicum Berg, 1914. Faune Russie Pays Limitropes 373 Figs. 32-33. Status: nomenclatura comparsa inizialmente come "Chondrostoma nasus" var. "borysthenica", nomen nudum in Dybowski, non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), ma valida sottospecie come da descrizione, per Lelek 1987:178; sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Berg 1949:621, Elvira 1987:116, Bogutskaya 1998:60; discutibile come sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Kottelat 1997:55. Originale non visionato. Località tipo: fiume Dnieper nei pressi di Neyasit, Ucraine. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: ZIN 11985 (2).

Chondrostoma nasus ohridanus Karaman, 1924. Pisces Macedoniae 71. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758),  ma valida sottospecie come da descrizione, secondo Lelek 1987:178; sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), per Elvira 1987:116, Kottelat 1997:55, vedere anche Bogutskaya 1998:60. Località tipo: lago Ohrid e suoi tributari, confine ex Jugoslavia/Albania. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Chondrostoma ohridanum Karaman, 1924. Pisces Macedoniae 71. Status: nuovo nome per "Chondrostoma nasus ohridanus" Karaman, 1924, vedere sopra.

Chondrostoma nasus ohridanum Karaman, 1924. Pisces Macedoniae 71. Status: errore di ortografia, nomenclatura non valida.

Chondrostoma nasus lumi Poljakov, Filipi & Basho, 1958. Peshqit e shqiperise. Universiteti Shtetéror i Tiranës, Tirana. Peshqit e Shqiperise. 286 pp.; 88. Status: nomenclatura soggetta a discussione, non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), per Elvira 1987:116; discutibile come sinonimo di "Chondrostoma nasus" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Kottelat 1997:55. Località tipo: Pogradec, Albania. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: collocazione attuale ignota.

Note sulla sistematica - La sistematica della specie è tuttora controversa. La letteratura classica riconosce la sottospecie della Tracia vardarense (fiumi Vardar e forse Marizza, Mesta e Struma), prespense (Lago di Prespa), ohridanum (Lago di Ocrida), borysthenicum (fiumi tra il Don, il Dnestr e il delta del Danubio) ecc. Studi recenti su queste popolazioni, basati anche su dati cariologici, fanno invece ritenere tutte o in parte buone specie.

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