La tilapia egizia, Tilapia zillii (Gervais, 1848)

Nomi comuni esteri - Spagnolo - Mojarra, Mojarrita, Tilapia. Francese - Pastenague boulée. Inglese - Redbelly tilapia, Mango fish, Zill's tilapia. Tedesco - Zilles Buntbarsch. Finlandia - Punavatsatilapia. Israele - Amnun matzui. Arabia Saudita - Bulti. Nigeria - Bugu, Epia, Falga, Garagaza, Gargaza, Ifunu, Karfasa, Karwa, Mpupa, Tome, Ukuobu, Wesafun. Sierra Leone - A-sannoh, Gba gba ferah, Ka-yainkain, Ngipie, Ngorkei, Mòoré. Costa d'Avorio - Gbatchekede, Kpro ibre, Obrouyou. Ghana - Akpadi sila, Akpasila, Akpatsu, Didee,  Silla. Senegal - Njabb, Waas, Wass gnoul. Burkina Faso - Disiwulen, Tegr-pere. Chad - Bere, Biare, Biering Chad, Guring, Sohn, Tihil. Sudan - Kuda. Uganda - Engege, Erihere, Isiswe. Kenya - Kido, Kokine, Loroto, Ngege, Sili. Tanzania - Perege, Sato.

Tilapia zillii (Gervais, 1848). Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris (Zool.) (Sér. 3) v. 10 203. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN valida.

Acerina zillii Gervais 1848. Sur les animaux vertébrés de l'Algérie, envisagés sous le double rapport de la géographie zoologique et de la domestication. Annales de sciences naturelles. Zoologie et biologie animale (Sér. 3) v. 10: 202-208. Sinonimo senior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Nomenclatura valida come Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848),vedere Goren 1974:103, Lee et al. 1980:775, Dor 1984:178, Krupp & Schneider 1989:400, Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:540, Lévêque et al. 1989:123, Paugy & Bénech 1989:304, Lévêque 1990:43, Paugy et al. 1990:343, Page & Burr 1991:335 (scritto zilli), Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757, Goren & Dor 1994:49, Coad 1995:28, Mekkawy 1995:2, Mekkawy 1995:29, Golani 1996:26, Coad 1996:86 (scritto zilli), Fuller et al. 1999:451, Dankwa et al. 1999:48, Nakabo 2000:916, Azeroual et al. 2000:20, Hutchins 2001:37, Carpenter 2001:3336 (scritto zilli), Nakabo 2002:916, Moyle 2002:415, Carpenter 2003:1693, Nelson et al. 2004:153, Seegers et al. 2003:4, Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:211, Mundy 2005:424, Allen et al. 2006:1438, Fricke et al. 2007:92, Fricke et al. 2009:77, Scharpf 2009:10, Minckley & Marsh 2009:269 (scritto zilli), Dunz & Schliewen 2010:2, Dunz & Schliewen 2010:279, Page & Burr 2011:614. Località tipo: pozzo artesiano, Tuggurth, Algeria. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: MNHN (disperso).

Glyphisidon zillii (Gervais, 1848). Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris (Zool.) (Sér. 3) v. 10 203. In Valenciennes 1858. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Coptodus zillii (Gervais, 1848). Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris (Zool.) (Sér. 3) v. 10 203. In Duméril 1858. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Coptodon zillii (Gervais, 1848). Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris (Zool.) (Sér. 3) v. 10 203. In Sauvage 1877. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Chromis zillii (Gervais, 1848). Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris (Zool.) (Sér. 3) v. 10 203. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Chromis niloticus (non Linnaeus, 1758). In Peters 1868, (parte). Errore d'identificazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Tilapia sparrmanii (non Smith, 1840). In Vinciguerra 1928. Errore d'identificazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Acerina zillei Gervais, 1848. In Sauvage 1877. Errore ortografico, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Tilapia zillei (Gervais, 1848). In Pellegrin 1909. Errore ortografico, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Coptodon zillei (Gervais, 1848). In Sauvage 1877. Errore ortografico, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Coptodus zillei (Gervais, 1848). In Sauvage 1877. Errore ortografico, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Glyphisidon zillei (Gervais, 1848). In Sauvage 1877. Errore ortografico, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Tilapia zilli (Gervais, 1848). Emendamento non giustificato,  in Arnold 1913. Errore ortografico, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Chromis mossambicus (non Peters, 1852). In Steindachner 1870, (parte). Errore d'identificazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Tilapia christyi (non Boulenger, 1915). In Nichols & Griscom 1917, (parte). Errore d'identificazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Chromis andreae Günther 1864. Report on a collection of reptiles and fishes from Palestine. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 3): 488-493. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Goren 1974:103, Krupp & Schneider 1989:400, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:507, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757. Località tipo - Lago di Galilea, Israele. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - BMNH 1864.8.20.8-9 (3).

Chromis coeruleomaculatus de Rochebrune, 1880. Description de quelques nouvelles espèces de poissons propres à la Sénégambie. Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 4: 159-169. Inizialmente descritto come Coeruleo maculatus. Catalogo - Bauchot et al. 1978:45 (scritto Coeruleo maculatus e riferito a Sauvage). Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:507, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757 (scritto caeruleomaculatus). Località tipo - Senegal. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto.

Tilapia caeruleomaculatus (Rochebrune, 1880). In Boulenger 1899. Sinonimo junior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Chromis faidherbii Rochebrune 1880. Description de quelques nouvelles espèces de poissons propres à la Sénégambie. Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 4: 159-169. Catalogo - Bauchot et al. 1978:45 (riferito a Sauvage). Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:507, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757. Località tipo - Senegal. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto.

Tilapia faidherbi (Rochebrune, 1880). In Pellegrin 1904. Sinonimo junior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Può essere anche errore ortografico.

Tilapia melanopleura Duméril 1861. Poissons de la côte occidentale d'Afrique. Archives du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) v. 10 [per il 1858]: 241-268, Pls. 20-23. Catalogo - Blanc 1962:224.  Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:507, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757.Località tipo - Senegal. Tipo - Olotipo (unico) MNHN A-9328.

Chromis melanopleura (Duméril, 1861). In Günther 1862. Sinonimo junior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Chromis menzalensis Mitchell 1895. Report on the edible fishes of Lake Menzaleh, their capture and preservation, presented to H. E. Yacoub Artin Pasha, Under Secretary of the State of the Ministry of Public Instruction. Cairo. 8vo. Edible Fishes lake Menzaleh: 50 pp., 4 pls. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:507, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757. Località tipo - Lago Menzaleh, Egitto. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - BMNH 1896.10.24.3-8 (6).

Tilapia menzalensis (Mitchell, 1895). In Boulenger 1899. Sinonimo junior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Tilapia sparrmani multiradiata Holly 1928. Fische aus dem Scharifluss, gesammelt von Herrn A. Weidholz, darunter drei noch nicht beschriebene Formen. Zool. Anz. 183-190; v. 79 188 Fig. 3. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:507, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757. Località tipo - Fiume Shari (Chari), vicino a Fort Archambault, Chad. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - NMW 13736-51 (16).

Tilapia multiradiata Holly, 1928. In Holly 1930. Sinonimo junior, cambio di grado, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Tilapia shariensis Fowler 1949. Results of the two Carpenter African expeditions, 1946-1948. Pt. II--The fishes. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 233-275; v. 101 273 Fig. 88-93. Catalogo: Böhlke 1984:59. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:508, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757. Località tipo - Bahr Sara, tributario del fiume Shari [Chari], nei pressi di Ft. Archambault, Chad. Tipo - Olotipo ANSP 71937.

Haligenes tristrami Günther 1860 On the reptiles and fishes collected by the Rev. H. B. Tristram in northern Africa. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 469-474; (pt 3) 471 Pl. 9 (fig. B). Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Tilapia zillii (Gervais 1848), vedere Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde 1991:506, Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:757. Località tipo - Lago salato e canali di Tuggurt, Algeria. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - BMNH 1859.11.30.6-7 (2).

Chromis tristrami (Günther, 1860). In Sauvage 1877. Sinonimo junior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Tilapia tristrami (Günther, 1860). In Boulenger 1898. Sinonimo junior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Fonti bibliografiche principali - Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde, 1991. Tilapia.. p. 482-508. In: J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4.

Bibliografia - Trewavas, E. 1983. Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia.

Philippart, J.-C. & J.-C. Ruwet 1982. Ecology and distribution of tilapias. Chervinski, J. 1982 Environmental physiology of tilapias.

Kornfield, I.L., U. Ritte, C. Richler & J. Wahrman 1979. Biochemical and cytological differentiation among cichlid fishes of the Sea of Galilee.

Lowe-McConnell, R.H. 1982. Tilapias in fish communities.

Pullin, R.S.V. (Ed.) 1988. Tilapia genetic resources for aquaculture.

Mcandrew, B.J. & K.C. Majumdar 1983. Tilapia stock identification using electrophoretic markers.

Payne, A.I. & R.I. Collinson 1983. A comparison of the biological characteristics of Sarotherodon niloticus (L.) with those of S. aureus (Steindachner) and other tilapia of the delta and lower Nile.

Pauly, D., J. Moreau & M. Prein 1988. A comparison of overall growth performance of tilapia in open waters and aquaculture.

Moreau, J., C. Bambino & D. Pauly 1986. Indices of overall growth performance of 100 tilapia (Cichlidae) populations.

Chervinski, J. & M. Zorn 1974. Note on the growth of Tilapia aurea (Steindachner) and Tilapia zillii (Gervais) in sea-water ponds.

Spataru, P. 1978. Food and feeding habits of Tilapia zillii (Gervais) (Cichlidae) in Lake Kinneret (Israel).

Noakes, D.G.L. & E.K. Balon 1982. Life histories of tilapias: an evolutionary perspective.

Basiao, Z.U. & N. Taniguchi 1984. An investigation of enzyme and other protein polymorphisms in Japanese stocks of the tilapias Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia zillii.

Teugels, G.G., C. Lévêque, D. Paugy & K. Traoré 1988. État des connaissances sur la faune ichtyologique des bassins côtiers de Côte d'Ivoire et de l'ouest du Ghana.

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea & W.B. Scott 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada.

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Payne, A.I. 1971. An experiment on the culture of Tilapia esculenta (Graham) and Tilapia zillii (Gervais) (Cichlidae) in fish ponds.

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Oberst, S., E.K. Abban & W. Villwock 1996. Biochemical and immunological markers for the discrimination of three Tilapia species: T. zillii Gervais, T. guineensis Bleeker & T. dageti Thys v.d. Audenaerde (Pisces: Cichlidae) from West Africa.

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Anonymous 1994. Atlas pesquero de México.

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Anonymous 2000. The ichthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH).

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Anonymous 2000. Fish collection database of the National Museum of Zimbabwe.

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Ng, P.K.L., L.M. Chou & T.J. Lam 1993. The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore.

Anonymous 2001. Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution).

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Coad, B.W. 1995. Freshwater fishes of Iran.

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Munro, J.L. 1967. The food of a community of East African freshwater fishes.

Abdel'-Malek, S.A. 1980. The food and feeding interrelationships of fish in Lake Qârûn (Egypt).

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