Il ghiozzo nero, Gobius niger  Linnaeus, 1758

Nomi dialettali italiani - Baette, Buatta, Conca de moru, Cuggione varvarule, Cugione, Ghiggion, Ghiggiun da fundu, Ghiozzo comune, Gò, Goata, Goato, Goatto, Grattasassi, Guato, Guatto, Guatto di maggio, Maccarone, Maccione concaniedda, Maccione de fango, Mazzone, Mazzone 'e fango, Mazzone 'e razza, Mazzuneddu, Mazzuneddu maccarunaru, Menuagia bianca, Menuagia mora, Mozzone, Mugno, Murscione, Paganello, Paganelo de mar, Paganelo negro, Saracinu i fangu, Uggiuni 'i fangu.

Nomi comuni esteri -  Inglese - Black goby. Spagnolo - Purillo, Chaparrudo, Gobi d'alga. Portoghese - Caboz-negro. Greco - Cocovios, Govios, Mavrogovios. Francese - Gobie noire. Tedesco - Schwartzkühling, Schwarzgrundel. Olanda - Zwarte grondel. Danimarca - Smørbutte, Sort Kutling, Sortkutling. Svezia - Svart smörbult. Norvegia - Kutling, Smørbøtte, Svartkutling. Finlandia - Mustatokko. Polonia - Babka czarna. Russia - Chernyi bychok. Slovenia - Èrni glavaè. Croazia - Glavoc blatar. Romania - Guvid negru. Albania - Burdullak i zi. Malta - Mazzun, Mazzun iswed, Mazzun tal-hagra, Mazzun tar-ramel. Turchia - Kömürcükayasi baligi. Arabo - Abu-kirsh, Kabboûsh.

Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.) Holmiae. Systema Nat. ed. 10 i-ii + 1-824; v. 1 262. Catalogo - Lönnberg 1896:41, Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:267-268, Wheeler 1991:183, Fig. 21. Sinonimo senior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN valida. Opinioni - nomenclatura specifica valida come Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Dor 1984:247, Miller in Whitehead et al. 1986:1042, Maugé 1986:373, Miller 1990:935, Arruda 1997:104, Brito & Miller 2001:262, Bilecenoglu et al. 2002:132, Vasil'eva 2003:S44, Ahnelt & Dorda 2004:8, Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:182, Fricke 2007:29, Fricke et al. 2007:103, Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:551, Vasil'eva 2007:155. Località tipo - Europa; Asia. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - NRM 103 (1), 104 (1), 105 (1); ZMUU Coll. Linn. 184.

Gobius jozo var. albescens Canestrini, 1862. I gobii del Golfo di Genova. Archivio per la Zoologia l'Anatomia e la Fisiologia. v. 1 (n° 2): 121-157, Pl. 7-11. Descritto come "Varietas." Combinazione originale. Nome trattato da Kottelat 1997:177 come infrasubspecifico e non disponibile. Opinioni - In sinonimia di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Kottelat 1997:177. Provenienza del materiale - Golfo di Genova, Italia.

Gobius boulerot Lacepède, 1800. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Histoire naturelle des poissons. v. 2: i-lxiv + 1-632, Pls. 1-20. Combinazione originale. Sostituzione di nome non necessaria per Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758. Compare anche in Sonnini 1803:193, 217 (vol. 7). Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, secondo gli autori del Catalog of fishes della California Academy of Sciences. Località tipo - Nortd Atlantico; mari dell'Asia. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto. Sintipi - NRM 103 (1), 104 (1), 105 (1); ZMUU Linn. Coll. 184.

Gobius brittanicus Thompson, 1837. Notes relating to the natural history of Ireland, with a description of a new genus of fishes (Echiodon). Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London Part 5 (1837) (54): 52-63. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Miller 1990:936, Kottelat 1997:176. Località tipo - Galway Bay, costa occidentale di Irlanda; Corfù, Grecia, Mar Mediterraneo. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - Collocazione ignota.

Gobius fuliginosus M'Coy, 1841. On some new or rare fish occurring on the coast of Ireland. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 6 (n° 39): 402-408. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Miller 1990:936, Kottelat 1997:176. Località tipo - Connemara, Contea di Galway, Irlanda. Tipo - Olotipo (unico): collocazione ignota.

Gobius gorgione Rafinesque, 1810.Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia, con varie osservazioni sopra i medisimi. Pl. 1-20. Compare anche in Rafinesque 1810:30. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Discutibile sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Miller 1990:935. Località tipo - Sicilia, Italia, Mar Mediterraneo. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto.

Gobius niger forma hispanicus de Buen, 1928. El Gobius niger L. en aguas atlánticas y mediterráneas de Europa. Notas y résumenes, Instituto Español de Oceanografia; Ministerio de Marin. Madrid (Ser. 2) N° 27: 1-32. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Kottelat 1997:177. Località tipo - Malaga, Isole Baleari, Spagna, Mediterraneo occidentale. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - Collocazione ignota.

Gobius jozo Linnaeus, 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. v. 1. Catalogo Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:268-269. Compare anche in Linnaeus 1764:65 come Gobius gozo. Il nome specifico è scritto in modo errato jozzo in Cabrera et al. 1817:3, vedere Graells 1878:177; Cuvier 1831:178. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, ma valida sottospecie, vedere Miller in Whitehead et al. 1986:1042. Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Maugé 1986:373, Miller 1990:935, Kottelat 1997:176 (con riserva), Bilecenoglu et al. 2002:132, Vasil'eva 2003:S44, Ahnelt & Dorda 2004:8. Località tipo - Europa meridionale. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - ?NRM 9453 (1), 9454 (1).

Gobius longiradiatus Risso, 1827. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale, et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes. F. G. Levrault, Paris & Strasbourg. V. 3: i-xvi + 1-480, Pls. 1-16. Catalogo - Bauchot et al. 1991:56. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Miller 1990:936, Kottelat 1997:176. Località tipo - Probabilmente vicino a Nizza, Département des Alpes-Maritimes, Francja, Mediterraneo nord occidentale. Tipo - Olotipo (unico): collocazione ignota.

Gobius jozo var. major Kolombatovic, 1891. Glamoci (Gobii) spljetskog pomorskog okruzja u Dalmaciji (Gobii della Dalmazia). Spalato. Combinazione originale. Trattato da Kottelat 1997:176 come nome infrasubspecifico e non disponibile. Opinioni - In sinonimia di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Miller 1990:936, Kottelat 1997:177. Provenienza del materiale esaminato - Vicinanze di Spalato (Split), Dalmazia.

Gobius jozo var. minor Kolombatovic, 1891. Glamoci (Gobii) spljetskog pomorskog okruzja u Dalmaciji (Gobii della Dalmazia). Spalato. Combinazione originale. Trattato da Kottelat 1997:176 come nome infrasubspecifico e non disponibile. Opinioni - In sinonimia di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Miller 1990:936, Kottelat 1997:177. Provenienza del materiale esaminato - Vicinanze di Spalato (Split), Dalmazia.

Gobius niger forma nigerrimus de Buen, 1928. El Gobius niger L. en aguas atlánticas y mediterráneas de Europa. Notas y résumenes, Instituto Español de Oceanografia; Ministerio de Marin. Madrid (Ser. 2) N° 27: 1-32. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Kottelat 1997:177. Località tipo - Baia di Porto Pi, Mallorca, Isole Baleari, Spagna, Mediterraneo occidentale. Tipo - Olotipo (unico): collocazione ignota.

Gobius jozo var. nigrescens Canestrini, 1862. I gobii del Golfo di Genova. Archivio per la Zoologia l'Anatomia e la Fisiologia. v. 1 (no. 2): 121-157, Pls. 7-11. Descritto come "Varietas." Combinazione originale. Nome trattato da Kottelat 1997:177 come infrasubspecifico e non disponibile. Opinioni - In sinonimia di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Kottelat 1997:177. Provenienza del materiale - Golfo di Genova, Italia.

Gobius jozo var. pontica Kessler, 1859. II. Systematische Uebersicht der Stachelflosser (Acanthopteri Müller), welche im nordwestlichen Theile des schwarzen Meeres und in den Mündungen der in derselben sich ergiessenden südrussischen Flüsse vorkommen. Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou v. 32 (n° 3): 186-268. Compare anche in Kessler 1860:169. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Kottelat 1997:176, Vasil'eva 2003:S44. Località tipo - Odessa e coste della Crimea, Ucraina, Mar Nero. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - Nessuno disponibile al ZIN.

Gobius punctulatus Cocco, 1884. Indice ittiologico del mare di Messina. Il Naturalista Siciliano, Giornale di scienze naturali, v. 4: 25-29, 68-72, 85-88, 113-116, 177-180, 191-194, 228-232, 238-240, 291-294. Basato su di un manoscritto non pubblicato di A. Cocco (morto nel 1854). Non disponibile, nome e descrizione in sinonimia di Gobius jozo. Compare in precedenza come nomen nudum in Cocco 1846:750. Opinioni - In sinonimia di Gobius niger Linnaeus 1758, vedere Miller 1973:483, Miller 1990:936.

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