Il cefalo calamita, Liza ramada (Risso, 1827)

Nomi dialettali italiani - Liguria - Museu, Musai. Toscana - Muggine, Firzetta, Capacchiolo, Caparello, Testone, Volpino, Acuccotto. Lazio - Cefolo. Campania - Cetaro mazzone, Vàraco. Calabria - Mazzuni. Puglia - Vrànzulu, Garzalonghe, Ciefl, Vraute. Abruzzo - Botolo. Marche - Botolo. Veneto - Botolo, Caustelo, Terzanino, Caustelone, Chiavone, Batauro, Cavastel. Sicilia - Cefalu, Cefalu i caruvana, Cefaluni Varagozzu, Mulettu tistuni. Sardegna - Gevulu, Lissa.

Nomi comuni esteri - Inglese - Thinlip mullet, Thin-lipped grey mullet, Grey mullet, Mowel, Haarder. Francese - Mulet porc, Mulet, Ramada, Mulet blanc, Mulet calusse, Mulet capiton, Meuille, Meuille blanc, Meil, Muge calusse, Muge capiton, Porc-mullet, Gaouta-roussa, Mujon, Yol nègre. Spagnolo - Galupe, Cap-pla, Capiton, Sama, Ilisa aguda, Ilisa calua negra, Ilisa cap plá, Lisa, Lizarra, Morragute, Mujol, Mule, Muxo, Yama. Portoghese - Alvor, Fataça-do-Ribatejo, Corveo, Moleca, Mugem, Oirives, Taínha, Tainha-fataça. Tedesco - Dünnlippen-Meeräsche, Dünnlippige Meeräsche, Großköpfige Dünnlippige Meeräsche, Meeräsche. Olanda - Dunlipharder, Dunlippige harder. Danimarca - Tyndlæbet multe, Multe. Norvegia -  Tynnleppet multe, Multe. Svezia - Tunnläppad, multe, Multe. Islanda - Röndungur. Finlandia - Ohuthuulikeltti. Polonia - Mugil ramada. Federazione Russa - Ramada, Kefal, Golovach. Romania - Platarin. Grecia - Tzeráni, Mav̱ráki, Laf̱kínos, Lagiáda, Geráni, Kephalopoulo, Képhalos, Mavraki. Albania - Kokdhani, Kryegjati, Kryeholli, Kryeprefti, Qefulli i vjeshtes, Qefulli i vjeshtës, Qerfi Vijoçi. Slovenia - Tenkousti cipelj. Croazia - Brena, Cipal balavac, Crnac, Plavic, Šupljak. Serbia e Montenegro - Cipli, Skocac balavac. Malta - Mulett, Mulett ta' l'imcarrat. Israele - Kifon matzui. Turchia - Gularya baligi, Ciran baligi, Pulatarina baligi, Has kefal. Libano - Boûry Dhehbân Tunisia - Bitoum. Egitto - Tobar. Giappone - Bora. Guinea Bissau - Tainha.

Foto © Giuseppe Mazza www.photomazza.com

Foto © Giuseppe Mazza www.photomazza.com

Liza ramada Risso, 1810. Ichthyol. Nice 344. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura specifica valida secondo i criteri ICZN.

Mugil ramado Risso, 1810. Ichthyologie de Nice, ou histoire naturelle des poissons du département des Alpes Maritimes. F. Schoell, Paris. Ichthyol. Nice i-xxxvi + 1-388; 344. Apparso prima in Risso 1810:344, ma con il nome vernaculare ramado, vedere anche Kottelat 2008:243. Sinonimo senior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Nomenclatura specifica valida come Liza ramado (Risso 1810), vedere Fricke 1999:42, Fricke et al. 2007:67. Nomenclatura specifica valida come Mugil ramada Risso 1827, vedere Berg 1949:995. Nomenclatura specifica valida come Liza ramada (Risso 1827), vedere Trewavas 1973:570, Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. 1986:1200, Thomson 1986:347, Thomson 1990:857, Coad 1996:86, Kottelat 1997:158, Thomson 1997:529, Arruda 1997:114, Koutrakis & Economidis 2000:299, Azeroual et al. 2000:20, Bilecenoglu et al. 2002:106, Harrison 2003:28 datato 1826, Parin 2003:S16, Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:176 datato al 1826, Fricke 2007:29, Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:467, Vasil'eva 2007:63, Kottelat 2008:245. Località tipo - Nizza, Département des Alpes-Maritimes, Francia, Mediterraneo nord occidentali. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto. Un neotipo è stato designato da Fricke 1999:42 per L. ramado 1810, but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639, ma successivamente ritirato in Fricke 2000:639.

Liza ramado Risso, 1810. Ichthyol. Nice 344. Sinonimo senior, genere del nome specifico errato, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN.

Liza alosoides Fowler, 1903. New and little known Muglidae and Sphyraenidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 55: 743-752, Pls. 45-46. Sinonimo Junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Liza dumerili (Steindachner 1870), vedere Thomson 1986:345, Thomson 1997:518. Sinonimo di Liza ramada (Risso 1827), vedere Thomson 1990:858. Località tipo - Fiume Gabon, Africa occidentale. Tipo - Olotipo ANSP 9771. Paratipi - ANSP 9772-77 (6). Catalogo illustrato dei tipi - Böhlke 1984:128.

Mugil britannicus Hancock, 1830. Observations on the mullets of the coast of Guiana, and the grey-mullet of the British coast; with incidental remarks on the air-bladder and stomach in fishes. Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts, Lond. v. 1: 125-139. Dubbio sinonimo, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo provvisorio di Liza ramada Rafinesque 1810, vedere Trewavas 1973:570, Kottelat 1997:158, Thomson 1997:530, Harrison 2003:28 datato al 1826. Località tipo - Mercato del pesce di Londra. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto.

Mugil capito Cuvier, 1829. Le Règne Animal, distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée. Edition 2. Règne Animal (ed. 2) i-xv + 1-406; v. 2 232. Compare anche in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836:36, Pl. 308 (parziale). Sinonimo Junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Mugil ramada Risso 1810, vedere Berg 1949:995. Sinonimo di Liza ramada (Risso 1827, non 1810), vedere Trewavas 1973:570, Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. 1986:1200, Thomson 1986:347, Thomson 1990:857, Kottelat 1997:158, Thomson 1997:530, Bilecenoglu et al. 2002:106, Harrison 2003:28, Parin 2003:S16. Località tipo - La Rochelle, France, Bay of Biscay, Oceano Atlantico nord orientale. Tipo - Lectotipo MNHN A-3587. Esemplari non-tipo - MNHN A da 3581 a 3583 (3, 2, 1), A-3585 to 3586 (1, 1), A-3593 (1), A-3748 (1), A-3750 (1), A-4695 (1), A-4699 (1), A-4701 (1).  Catalogo illustrato dei tipi e designazione del lectotipo - Blanc & Hureau 1971:682-684, i paralectotipi elencati sono probabilmente gli esemplari non-tipo di Cuvier 1829.

Liza capito Cuvier, 1829. Règne Animal (ed. 2) v. 2 232. Sinonimo Junior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN.

Mugil caustelus Nardo, 1847. Ex Chiereghini. Sinonimia moderna delle specie registrate nell'opera intitolata: "Descrizione de' crostacei, de' testacei e de' pesci che abitanno le lagune e golfo veneto rappresentati in figure à chiaro-scuro ed a colori." Venezia. Combinazione originale. Nomenclatura specifica non disponibile secondo i criteri ICZN, il nome di Chiereghini è usato come sinonimo. Opinioni - In sinonimia di Liza ramada (Risso 1827), vedere Kottelat 1997:158come ramada Risso 1827.

Mugil dubahra Valenciennes, 1836. In Cuvier & Valenciennes. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome onzième. Livre treizième. De la famille des Mugiloïdes. Livre quatorzième. De la famille des Gobioïdes. V. 11: i-xx + 1-506 + 2 pp., Pls. 307-343. Sinonimo Junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Liza ramada (Risso 1827), vedere Trewavas 1973:570, Thomson 1986:347, Kottelat 1997:158, Harrison 2003:28 datato al 1826. Località tipo - Fiume Nilo. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - MNHN A-3730 (1, in cattive condizioni), A-3731 (2), A-3732 (2). Catalogo illustrato dei tipi - Blanc & Hureau 1971:691.

Myxus maroccensis Mohr, 1927. Mugiliden-Studien. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere v. 54: 177-201. Sinonimo Junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Liza ramada (Risso 1827, non 1810), vedere Trewavas 1973:570, Thomson 1990:858, Kottelat 1997:158, Thomson 1997:531, Harrison 2003:28 datato al 1826. Località tipo - Marocco. Tipo - Olotipo (unico) ZMH H75 (ex ZMH 3861). Catalogo illustrato dei tipi - Ladiges et al. 1958:162, Wilkens & Dohse 1993:405.

Mugil octoradiatus Günther, 1861. On the British species of Mugil. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 3) v. 7 (no. 41): 345-352. In origine scritto octo-radiatus, e come Mugil 8-radiatus nella didascalia della figura. Apparso come sopra, poi in Günther Dec. 1861:437, con l'aggiunta di un secondo esemplare. Sinonimo Junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Mugil ramada Risso 1810, vedere Berg 1949:995. Sinonimo di Liza aurata (Risso 1827), vedere Trewavas 1973:571, Kottelat 1997:157, Thomson 1997:517. Sinonimo di Liza ramada (Risso 1827), vedere Thomson 1997:530. Località tipo - Coste inglesi. Tipo - Olotipo (unico) - BMNH (specimen del Gerrard). Raffigurato a pag. 3 dell'allegato.

Mugil petherici Günther, 1861. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the British Museum. 3. Gobiidae, Discoboli, Pediculati, Blenniidae, Labyrinthici, Mugilidae, Notacanthi. London. Vol. 3: i-xxv + 1-586 + i-x. Sinonimo Junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Liza ramada (Risso 1827), vedere Trewavas 1973:570, Thomson 1986:347, Thomson 1997:530, Harrison 2003:28 datato al 1826. Località tipo - Fiume Nilo all'altezza del Cairo. Tipo - Olotipo (unico) BMNH 1861.9.9.5.

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