Il cefalo calamita, Liza ramado (Risso, 1826)

Nomi dialettali italiani - Liguria - Museu, Musai. Toscana - Muggine, Firzetta, Capacchiolo, Caparello, Testone, Volpino, Acuccotto. Lazio - Cefolo. Campania - Cetaro mazzone, Vàraco. Calabria - Mazzuni. Puglia - Vrànzulu, Garzalonghe, Ciefl, Vraute. Abruzzo - Botolo. Marche - Botolo. Veneto - Botolo, Caustelo, Terzanino, Caustelone, Chiavone, Batauro, Cavastel. Sicilia - Cefalu, Cefalu i caruvana, Cefaluni Varagozzu, Mulettu tistuni. Sardegna - Gevulu, Lissa. 

Nomi comuni esteri - Francese - Mulet porc, Mulet, Ramada, Mulet blanc, Mulet calusse, Mulet capiton, Meuille, Meuille blanc, Meil, Muge calusse, Muge capiton, Porc-mullet, Gaouta-roussa, Mujon, Yol nègre. Spagnolo - Galupe, Cap-pla, Capiton, Sama, Ilisa aguda, Ilisa calua negra, Ilisa cap plá, Lisa, Lizarra, Morragute, Mujol, Mule, Muxo, Yama. Portoghese - Alvor, Fataça-do-Ribatejo, Corveo, Moleca, Mugem, Oirives, Taínha, Tainha-fataça. Greco - Kephalopoulo, Képhalos, Mavraki. Inglese - Thinlip mullet, Thin-lipped grey mullet, Grey mullet, Mowel, Haarder. Tedesco - Meeräsche, Dünnlippige Meeräsche, Großköpfige. Olandese - Dunlipharder, Dunlippige harder. Danese - Tyndlæbet multe, Multe. Norvegese -  Tynnleppet multe, Multe. Svedese - Tunnläppad, multe, Multe. Islandese - Röndungur. Finnico - Ohuthuulikeltti.  Polacco - Mugil ramada.  Russo - Ramada, Kefal, Golovach. Sloveno - Tenkousti cipelj. Rumeno - Platarin. Albanese - Qefulli i vjeshtes. Malta - Mulett, Mulett ta' l'imcarrat. Turco - Gularya baligi, Ciran baligi, Pulatarina baligi, Has kefal. Libano - Boûry Dhehbân. Giapponese - Bora. Guinea Bissau - Tainha.

Mugil ramado Risso, 1810. Ichthyologie de Nice, ou histoire naturelle des poissons du département des Alpes Maritimes. F. Schoell, Paris. Ichthyol. Nice i-xxxvi + 1-388; 344. Status: nomenclatura originaria, non valida. Opinioni: nomenclatura valida come "Mugil ramada" [sic] Risso 1810, per Berg 1949:995; nomenclatura valida come "Liza ramada" [sic] Risso 1826, secondo Trewavas 1973:570, Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. 1986:1200, Thomson 1986:347, Thomson 1990:857, Coad 1996:86, Kottelat 1997:158, Thomson 1997:529, Arruda 1997:114, Koutrakis & Economidis 2000:299, Azeroual et al. 2000:20, Bilecenoglu et al. 2002:106, Harrison 2003:28 ma datata al 1826; nomenclatura valida come "Liza ramado" (Risso 1810), per Fricke 1999:42. Scritta "ramada" in Risso 1827:390 e dagli autori successivi. Neotipo scelto da Fricke 1999:43, ma ritirato in Fricke 2000:639. Anche se la nomenclatura "ramada" è prevalente nell'uso comune, si consiglia di seguire Fricke 1999. Località tipo: Nizza, Francia. Tipo: non è conosciuto nessun esemplare tipo.

Liza ramado Risso, 1810. Ichthyol. Nice 344. Status: nuova nomenclatura, valida.

Liza ramada Risso, 1810. Ichthyol. Nice 344. Status: nuova nomenclatura, non valida.

Mugil capito Cuvier, 1829. Le Règne Animal, distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée. Edition 2. Règne Animal (ed. 2) i-xv + 1-406; v. 2 232. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Mugil ramada" [sic] Risso 1810, per Berg 1949:995; sinonimo di "Liza ramada" [sic] (Risso 1810), secondo Trewavas 1973:570, Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. 1986:1200, Thomson 1986:347, Thomson 1990:857, Kottelat 1997:158, Thomson 1997:530, Bilecenoglu et al. 2002:106, Harrison 2003:28. Catalogo e designazione del lectotipo: Blanc & Hureau 1971:682-684 ma i loro paralectotipi sono probabilmente i non tipi di Cuvier 1829. Questa nomenclatura compare anche in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1836:36, Pl. 308 (part). Località tipo: La Rochelle, Francia. Tipo: MNHN A.3587. Non-tipi: MNHN A-3581-to 3583 (3, 2, 1), A-3585 to 3586 (1, 1), A-3593 (1), A-3748 (1), A-3750 (1), A-4695 (1), A-4699 (1), A-4701 (1).

Liza capito Cuvier, 1829. Règne Animal (ed. 2) v. 2 232. Status: vedere sopra.

Mugil britannicus Hancock, 1830. Observations on the mullets of the coast of Guiana, and the grey-mullet of the British coast; with incidental remarks on the air-bladder and stomach in fishes. Q. J. Sci. Lit. Art., London 125-139; v. 1 137. Status: nomenclatura soggetta a discussione, non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo provvisorio di "Liza ramado" Rafinesque 1810 [come "ramada"] per Trewavas 1973:570, Kottelat 1997:158, Thomson 1997:530, Harrison 2003:28 ma datata al 1826. Località tipo: mercato di Londra. Tipo: non è conosciuto nessun esemplare tipo.

Mugil dubahra Valenciennes, 1836. In Cuvier & Valenciennes. Hist. Nat. Poiss. v. 11 60. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Liza ramada" (Risso 1827) [dovrebbe essere "ramado" Risso 1810] per Trewavas 1973:570, Thomson 1986:347, Kottelat 1997:158, Harrison 2003:28 ma datata al 1826. Catalogo: Blanc & Hureau 1971:691. Località tipo: fiume Nilo. Tipo: mancante. Sintipi: MNHN A-3730 (1, cattive condizioni), A-3731 (2), A-3732 (2).

Mugil caustelus Nardo, 1847. Ex Chiereghini. Sinonimia moderna delle specie registrate nell' opera intitolata: "Descrizione de' crostacei, de' testacei e de' pesci che abitanno le lagune e golfo veneto rappresentati in figure à chiaro-scuro ed a colori." Venezia. Sinonimia Moderna Chiereghini col. 127. Status: nomenclatura non disponibile, citata in sinonimia da Chiereghini. Opinioni: in sinonimia di "Liza ramado" (Rafinesque 1810) secondo Kottelat 1997:158 come "ramada" Risso 1827).

Mugil petherici Günther, 1861. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the British Museum. 3. Gobiidae, Discoboli, Pediculati, Blenniidae, Labyrinthici, Mugilidae, Notacanthi. London. Cat. Fishes i-xxv + 1-586 + i-x; v. 3 441. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Liza ramado" (Rafinesque 1810) per Trewavas 1973:570 come "ramada", Thomson 1986:347 come "ramada", Thomson 1997:530 come "ramada", Harrison 2003:28 come "ramada" e datata al 1826. Località tipo: fiume Nilo al Cairo, Egitto. Tipo: BMNH 1861.9.9.5.

Mugil octoradiatus (non Günther, 1861). Status: errore d'identificazione, nomenclatura non valida.

Liza alosoides Fowler, 1903. New and little known Muglidae and Sphyraenidae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 743-752; v. 55 746 Pl. 45 (figura superiore). Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Liza dumerili" (Steindachner 1870) per Thomson 1986:345, Thomson 1997:518; sinonimo di "Liza ramada" (Risso 1810) secondo Thomson 1990:858. Catalogo: Böhlke 1984:128. Località tipo: fiume Gabon, Africa occidentale. Tipo: ANSP 9771. Paratipi: ANSP 9772-77 (6).

Myxus maroccensis Mohr, 1927. Mugiliden-Studien. Zool. Jahrb., Syst. (Jena) 177-201; v. 54 191 Fig. 13. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Liza ramado" (Rafinesque 1810) per Trewavas 1973:570 come "ramada", Thomson 1990:858 come "ramada", Kottelat 1997:158 come "ramada", Thomson 1997:531 come "ramada", Harrison 2003:28 come "ramada" e datata al 1826. Catalogo: Ladiges et al. 1958:162, Wilkens & Dohse 1993:405. Località tipo: Marocco. Tipo: ZMH H75 [ex ZMH 3861].

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