L'acerina, Gymnocephalus cernua 

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Nomi comuni esteri - Inglese - Ruff, Ruffe, Pope. Francese - Grémille, Grémeuille, Frash, Goujon-perche, Greuillet, Grimau, Perche goujonnière. Spagnolo - Acerina. Tedesco - Kaulbarsch, Kulbersch, Kulberschke, Kutt, Kütteberschi, Gries, Pfaffenlaus, Posch, Rauiegel, Rotzbarb, Rotzbarsch, Rotzkater, Rotzwolf, Rötzert, Schlickerbarsch, Schnotterbarsch, Schnotterboars, Schroll, Steuerbarsch, Stuhrt. Olanda - Pos. Danimarca - Almindelig Hork. Svezia - Gärs. Norvegia - Hork. Finlandia - Kiiski. Ucraina - Yorsz zvychainyi. Federazione Russa - Yersh obyknovennyi, Yorsz zvychainyi. Polonia - Jazgarz. Estonia - Kiisk. Lettonia - Kisis. Lituania - Pugžlys. Repubblica Ceca - Ježdík obecný. Repubblica Slovacca - Hrebenacka obycajná. Romania - Balos, Firizar, Ghelmes, Ghibort, Mos. Cina - Méihuā lú (梅花鱸 梅花鲈).

Note sul nome scientifico - Esiste una discussione sul genere del nome specifico usato in nomenclatura abbinato al nome generico maschile Gymnocephalus. Non è chiaro se debba essere usato il nome declinato al maschile cernuus o al femminile cernua. Secondo Kottelat & Freyhof (2009), il nome cernua è apparentemente un sostantivo, e quindi cernuus non dovrebbe essere usato. Ma in latino abbiamo cernuus, cernui, come sostantivo maschile, II declinazione = funambolo, saltimbanco, per cui usare il femminile cernua con il nome generico maschile Gymnocephalus è errato. Analogamente se cernuus è usato come aggettivo (con significato di prono, chino, che precipita a capofitto) si hanno i seguenti cernuus, cernuă, cernuum, rispettivamente per il maschile, femminile e neutro, ed anche in questo caso l'uso del femminile cernua per Gymnocephalus è errato. In ogni caso il nome Gymnocephalus cernua è stato accettato come valido in sede ICZN e quindi, fino ad ulteriori disposizioni, deve essere usato come nome della specie.

Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus, 1758). Systema Nat. ed. X, v. 1. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura specifica valida secondo i criteri ICZN.

Perca cernua Linnaeus, 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiae. Ed. X i-ii + 1-824; v. 1 294. Sinonimo senior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo ICZN. Opinioni - Nomenclatura specifica valida come Acerina cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Berg 1949:1046, Zhu 1995:172. Nomenclatura specifica valida come Gymnocephalus cernuus (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Collette & Bănărescu 1977:1453, Coad 1981:16, Lelek 1987:285, Page & Burr 1991:276, Coad 1995:27, Chereshnev 1996:606, Kottelat 1997:172, Reshetnikov et al. 1997:749, Popova 1998:117, Scott & Crossman 1998:viii, Fuller et al. 1999:385, Lyons et al. 2000:57, Bogutskaya et al. 2001:47, Chereshnev et al. 2001:122, Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:201, Hanel 2003:64, Parin 2003:S3, Bailey et al. 2004:199, Nelson et al. 2004:136, Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:205, Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:177, Hanel & Lusk 2005:362, Kottelat 2006:90, Fricke 2007:29, Fricke et al. 2007:81, Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:528, Kottelat & Freyhof 2009:85, Scharpf 2008:35, Geiger & Schliewen 2010:131, Page & Burr 2011:511 come cernua. Località tipo - Laghi europei. Sintipi BMNH 1853.11.12.5 coll. Gronovius (1, pelle), LS 2 (mezza pelle sinistra). Catalogo illustrato dei tipi - Wheeler 1958:219, Wheeler 1985:51.

Gymnocephalus cernuus (Linnaeus, 1758). Systema Nat. edizione X, volume 1. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Vedere sopra per ulteriori chiarimenti.

Acerina czekanowskii Dybowski, 1874. Die Fische des Baical-Wassersystemes. Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 24 (n° 3 - 4): 383-394. In origine scritto czekanowskü. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Acerina cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Berg 1949:1046. Sinonimo di Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:172. Località tipo - Corso medio ed inferiore del fiume Angara, Siberia, Russia. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - Irreperibili.

Acerina cernua natio danubica Vladykov, 1931. Poissons de la Russie sous-carpathique (Tchécoslovaquie). Memoires Societe Zoologique de France v. 29 (no. 4): 217-374. Combinazione originale. Nomenclatura infrasubspecifica, non disponibile secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - In sinonimia di Acerina cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Berg 1949:1331. In sinonimia di Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:172. Provenienza del materiale esaminato - Bacino del fiume Tisza. Catalogo illustrato dei tipi - Sanda et al. 2010:31.

Acerina cernus essipovi Burmakin, 1941. Some poor commercial and uncommercial fishes from the system of the Guidansky gulf (sturgeon, omul', pike, ruffe, sculpin, stickleback). Trudy Instituta polyarnogo zemedeliya v. 15: 149-158. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Acerina cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Berg 1949:1047. Sinonimo di Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:172, Parin 2003:S3. Località tipo - Baia di Gyda, Oceano Arctico; Fiume Yuribei, Siberia, Russia. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - (5) irreperibili.

Acerina fischeri Eichwald, 1873. Spiciléges de paléontologie et de zoologie de la Russie. Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale (Paris) v. 2: xiii-xvi. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Acerina cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Berg 1949:1046. Sinonimo di Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:172. Località tipo - Laghi della Provincia di Tomsk, Russia. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto.

Cernua fluviatilis Fleming, 1828. A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, mollusca, and radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. Edinburgh. Vol. i-xxiii + 1-565. In parte basato su Perca cernua Linnaeus 1758. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:172. Località tipo - Fiumi d'Inghilterra. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto.

Holocentrus post Lacepède, 1802. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Histoire naturelle des poissons. v. 4: i-xliv + 1-728, Pl. 1-16. Combinazione originale. Considerato nuovo nome non necessario per Perca cernua Linnaeus 1758. nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:172.

Acerina vulgaris Cuvier, 1829. In Cuvier & Valenciennes. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome troisième. Suite du Livre troisième. Des percoïdes à dorsale unique à sept rayons branchiaux et à dents en velours ou en cardes. Histoire naturelle des poissons. v. 3: i-xxviii + 2 pp. + 1-500, Pls. 41-71. Basato su alcuni esemplari e fonti letterarie. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura specifica non valida secondo i criteri ICZN. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Acerina cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Berg 1949:1046. Sinonimo di Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:172, Popova 1998:117. Località tipo - Europa. Tipo - Nessuno. Sintipi - MNHN 0000-6604 (1), 0000-6607 (3). Catalogo illustrato dei tipi - Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:79-80.

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