L'asprone, Zingel asper  (Linnaeus, 1758)

Nomi comuni esteri - Francese - Apron, Apron du Rhône, Asper, Âne, Raste, Roué, Sorcier. Inglese - Rhone streber, Asper, Apron. Danese - Rhône-streber. Svedese - Rhone-streber, Asper. Rumeno - Pietrar.

Perca asper Linnaeus 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.) Holmiae. Systema Nat. ed. 10 i-ii + 1-824; v. 1 290. Status: nomenclatura originaria, non valida. Comparsa inizialmente come "Perca aspera" in Bloch & Schneider 1801:84. Opinioni: nomenclatura valida come "Zingel asper" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Collette & Banarescu 1977:1459, Lelek 1987:303, Kottelat 1997:173. Neotipo designato da Kottelat 2003:163. Località tipo: fiume Rhône (Rodano). Tipo: MNHN 1895.

Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758). Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1 290. Status: nuova nomenclatura, valida.

Aspro vulgaris Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome second. Livre Troisième. Des poissons de la famille des perches, ou des percoïdes. Hist. Nat. Poiss. i-xxi + 2 pp. + 1-490; v. 2 188 Pl. 26. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Fondata su specimen e fonti di letteratura; considerata da molti come una sostituzione di nome per "Perca asper" Linnaeus 1758. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Zingel asper" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Kottelat 1997:174. Catalogo: Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:80. Località tipo: fiume Rhône (Rodano), Europa. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: MNHN 1895 (2), SMF 2211 [ex MNHN in 1829] (1) Rhone.

Aspro apron Siebold 1863. Die Süsswasserfische von Mitteleuropa. Leipzig. Süsswasserfische Mitteleuropa i-viii + 1-430; 55. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Zingel asper" (Linnaeus 1758), secondo Kottelat 1997:173. Località tipo: fiume Rhône (Rodano), Francia. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Fonti bibliografiche principali - Kottelat, M., 1997. European freshwater fishes.. Biologia 52, Suppl. 5:1-271. Pagina 1.

Bibliografia - Anon., 1999 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)).

Anon., 2000 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Icthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH).

Anon., 2001 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.

Baillie, J. and B. Groombridge (eds.), 1996 1996 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 378 p.

Billard, R., 1997 Les poissons d'eau douce des rivières de France. Identification, inventaire et répartition des 83 espèces. Lausanne, Delachaux & Niestlé, 192p.

Blanc, M., J.L. Gaudet, P. Banarescu and J.C. Hureau, 1971 European inland water fish: a multilingual catalogue. Fishing News (Books) Ltd. London.

Changeux, T. and Pont, D. 1995. Current status of the riverine fishes of the French Mediterranean basin. Biological Conservation 72: 137–158.

Eschmeyer, W.N., 1996 PISCES. URL: gopher://gopher.calacademy.org:640/7.

Hartmann, G.L., 1827 Helvetische Ichthyologie, oder ausführliche Naturgeschichte der in der Schweiz sich vorfindenden Fische. Orell, Füßli und Compagnie, Zürich, Switzerland.

Hilton-Taylor, C., 2000 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p.

Hureau, J.-C., 1991 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Preliminaire des Poissons d'Eaux Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environment, CEMAGREF et Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.

International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), 1990 1990 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. 288 p.

International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), 1994 1994 IUCN red list of threatened animals. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K.

Keith, P. and J. Allardi (coord.), 2001 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de France. Patrimoines naturels, 47: 387 p. Paris: MNHN.

Keith, P., J. Allardi and B. Moutou, 1992 Livre rouge des espèces menacées de poissons d'eau douce de France et bilan des introductions. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Secretariat de la Faune et de la Flore, Conseil Supérieur de la Peche, CEMAGREF and Ministère de l'Environment, 111 p.

Kottelat, M., 1997 European freshwater fishes. Biologia 52, Suppl. 5:1-271. Zingel asper 1 26100 Crivelli, A.J., 1996 The freshwater fish endemic to the Mediterranean region. An action plan for their conservation. Tour du Valat Publication, 171 p.

Labonne, J. 2002. Contribution à la conservation de l'Apron du Rhône (Zingel asper): dynamique des populations, sélection de l'habitat et modélisation. PhD Thesis. University of Lyon, Lyon, France.

Laroche, J. and Durand, J. D. 2004. Genetic structure of fragmented populations of a threatened endemic percid of the Rhône river: Zingel asper. Heredity 92: 329–334.

Mari, S., Labonne, J. and Gaudin, P. 2002. A conservation strategy for Zingel asper, a threatened endemic percid of the Rhône basin. In: M.J. Collares-Pereira, I.G. Cowx & M.M. Coelho (eds). Conservation of Freshwater Fishes: Options for the Future. pp: 149–156. Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science, London, U.K.

Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström, 1968 Süßwasserfische. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 224 p.

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p.

Sokolov, L.I. and L.S. Berdicheskii, 1989 Acipenseridae. p. 150-153. In J. Holcík (ed.) The freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol. 1, Part II. General introduction to fishes Acipenseriformes. AULA-Verlag Wiesbaden. 469 p.

Zaugg, C., Pedroli, J. C., Zaugg, B. and Calvino, C. 1999. Concept de protection de l'apron (Zingel asper): recensement des effectifs dans le Doubs. In: Information concernant la pêche, no 64. Office fédéral de l'environnment, des forêts et du payasage, Bern, Switzerland.