Il coregone lavaret, Coregonus lavaretus 

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Note sulla nomenclatura - Molti autori considerano C. lavaretus una superspecie, originaria di Gran Bretagna e dei laghi prealpini dell'Europa centrale. Altri vi aggiungono tutti i coregoni anadromi presenti nei bacini del Baltico e del Mar Bianco. Anche gran parte delle popolazioni introdotte in Italia vengono attribuite a questa specie, ma probabilmente si tratta di ibridi derivanti da allevamento. Per ragioni legate a criteri di nomenclatura zoologica, l'uso di questo nome specifico deve limitarsi alle popolazioni del Lago di Ginevra (estinta), e dei laghi Bourget, e Aiguebelette, nel bacino fluviale del Rodano, in coerenza con la località del neotipo designato.

Nomi comuni esteri - Portoghese - Coregono-lavareda. Francese - Corégone, Corégone lavaret, Lavaret, Lavoret, Palée. Inglese - Common whitefish, Baltic whitefish, European whitefish, Houting, Lake Chud whitefish, Schelly. Gallese - Gwyniad. Gaelico - Pollan. Tedesco - Große Maräne, Blaufelchen, Felchen, Gangfisch, Große Schwebrenke, Maräne, Sandfelchen, Schnäpel, Silberfelchen. Olandese - Grote marene. Danese - Helt Denmark. Svedese - Aspsik, Blåsik, Lavaretsik, Planktonsik, Sandsik, Storsik, Älvsik. Norvegese - Sik. Finnico - Siika, Vaellussiika. Polacco - Sieja, Sieja wedrowna. Repubblica Ceca - Marena velka, Síh severní. Repubblica Slovacca - Sih morský. Rumeno - Coregon, Păstrăv argintiu. Bulgaro - Chudski sig. Russo - Obyknovennyi prokhodnoi sig, Obyknovennyi sig, Prokhodskoi sig. Persiano - Koregon, Safid Mahi, Safid Mahi Juibarye.

Note sui nomi comuni - I nomi comuni riportati si riferiscono ai coregoni che, in diversi paesi, vengono attribuiti a C. lavaretus. Molto probabilmente questi nomi si riferiscono ad altre specie descritte in questo lavoro.

Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758). Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1 310. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN valida.

Salmo lavaretus Linnaeus 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.) Holmiae. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. v. 1: i-ii + 1-824. Catalogo - Weber 1998:10. Nome scritto in modo errato Salmo lavaterus da Wulff 1765:36. Sinonimo senior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Nomenclatura valida come Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Berg 1948:357, Svetovidov 1973:148, Svetovidov in Whitehead et al. 1984:376, Lelek 1987:81, Coad 1995:24, Coad 1996:85, Kottelat 1997:104, Reshetnikov et al. 1997:731, Reshetnikov 1998:43, Fuller et al. 1999:242, Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:19, Gabrielyan 2001:25, Bogutskaya et al. 2001:45, Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:165, Kottelat 2006:85, Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:353. Località tipo - Lago Bourget, Francia. Tipo - Neotipo MHNG 2583.51. Neotipo designato da Kottelat 1997:105, che limita la località tipo al solo lago Bourget.

Coregonus lavaretus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758). Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1 310. Sinonimo senior, nuova combinazione, nomenclatura ICZN non valida.

Coregonus dispersus cognatus Fatio, 1885. Sur les Corégones (Féras diverses) de la Suisse. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles (Troisième Période), Genève v. 14: 89-94. Sinonimo junior, combinazione originale, nomenclatura ICZN non valida. Opinioni - Sinonimo di Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus 1758), vedere Kottelat 1997:104 (come C. cognatus). Località tipo - Lago Bourget, Savoia, Francia. Tipo - Nessun esemplare noto.

Coregonus rondeletii Valenciennes, 1848. In Cuvier, G. and A. Valenciennes 1848. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome vingt et unième. Suite du livre vingt et unième et des Clupéoïdes. Livre vingt-deuxième. De la famille des Salmonoïdes. Histoire naturelle des poissons. v. 21: i-xiv + 1 p. + 1-536, Pls. 607-633. Sostituzione di nome non necessaria per Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus 1758).

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