Il salmone giapponese, Oncorhynchus masou (Brevoort, 1856)

Nomi comuni esteri - Giappone - Honmasu, Sakuramasu, Yamame. Spagnolo - Salmón japonés. Portoghese - Salmáo-japonês, Salmão-japonês. Francese - Saumon du Japon, Saumon japonais, Saumon masou. Inglese - Cherry trout, Cherry salmon, Japanese salmon, Masu salmon. Tedesco - Masu-Lachs, Pazifischer Lachs. Olanda - Masouzalm, Japanse zalm. Danimarca - Japanlaks, Masulaks, Kirsebærlaks. Svezia - Japansk lax, Masulax. Norvegia - Japansk laks, Masulaks. Finlandia - Kirsikkalohi, Masulohi. Russia - Sima. Corea - Shima-yeon-eo.

Salmo masou Brevoort, 1856. Notes on some figures of Japanese fish taken from recent specimens by the artists of the U. S. Japan Expedition. Pp. 253-288, Pls. 3-12 (color) In: M. C. Perry, Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan, performed in the years 1852, 1853, and 1854 under the command of Commodore M. C. Perry, United States Navy, by order of the Government of the United States. Vol. 2. U.S. Senate Ex. Doc. No. 79, 33rd Congress, 2nd Session. Beverley Tucker, Washington, D.C. Perry Exped. v. 2 [i-viii] + 1-414 + 1-14 + I-XI + [1], 17 folded charts, Pls.; v. 2 v. 2 Pl. 9 (fig. 2). Status: nomenclatura originaria, non valida. Opinioni: nomenclatura valida come "Oncorhynchus masu" [sic] (Brevoort 1856), per Berg 1948:198, Okada 1961:317, Zhu 1995:9; nomenclatura valida come "Salmo masou" Brevoort 1856, ma valida sottospecie, per Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:156; nomenclatura valida come "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), sottospecie "masou" (Brevoort 1856), secondo Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:38 come "masu", Kubota & Tsukada 1996:56, Nakabo 2000:304, Matsuura et al. 2000:25, Kim & Park 2002:281, Nakabo 2002:304, Kiyoshi 2003:37, Jang et al. 2003:119; sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus keta" (Walbaum 1792), per Okamura & Machida 1986:25; nomenclatura valida come "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), secondo Stearley & Smith 1993:21, Chereshnev 1996:604, Kim 1997:362, Nikiforov et al. 1997:330, Reshetnikov et al. 1997:729, Dorofeeva & Savvaitova 1998:33, Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:8, Fuller et al. 1999:249, Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:19, Bogutskaya et al. 2001:45, Chereshnev et al. 2001:84, Pietsch et al. 2001:142, Zemnukhov et al. 2001:420, Youn 2002:194, 530, Fedorov et al. 2003:38, Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:152. Nome sull'illustrazione; descritta come "Salmo orientalis" a p. 275. Fondata su di un disegno. località tipo: Hakodate, Hokkaido, Giappone. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Oncorhynchus masou masou (Brevoort, 1856). Perry Exped. v. 2 v. 2 Pl. 9 (fig. 2). Status: nuova nomenclatura, valida.

Oncorhynchus masou (Brevoort, 1856). Perry Exped. v. 2 v. 2 Pl. 9 (fig. 2). Status: nuova nomenclatura, non valida.

Oncorhynchus masu (Brevoort, 1856). Perry Exped. v. 2 v. 2 Pl. 9 (fig. 2). Status: errore di scrittura, nomenclatura non valida.

Salmo macrostoma Günther 1877. Preliminary notes on new fishes collected in Japan during the expedition of H. M. S. `Challenger.' Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 4) 433-446; v. 20 (n° 119) 444. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), per Berg 1948:198 come "masu"; sinonimo di "Salmo masou" Brevoort 1865, ma valida sottospecie, per Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:169; sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), ma valida sottospecie "macrostomus", secondo Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:38; sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus rhodurus" Jordan & McGregor 1925, ma valida sottospecie "macrostomus", per Dorofeeva & Savvaitova 1998:31. Descritto anche in Günther 1880:71, come nuova specie, Pl. 31 (fig. A). Località tipo: mercato di Yokohama, Giappone. Tipo: BMNH 1879.5.14.600.

Oncorhynchus masou macrostomus (Günther, 1877). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 4) v. 20 (n° 119) 444. Status: nomenclatura valida come sottospecie, sinonimo di Salmo macrostoma, nomenclatura non valida; vedere sopra.

Salmo formosanus Jordan & Oshima, 1919. "Salmo formosanus", a new trout from the mountain streams of Formosa. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 122-124; v. 71 122 Fig. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), per Berg 1948:202 come "masu", Dorofeeva & Savvaitova 1998:33; sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), ma valida sottospecie, secondo Yue & Chen 1998:13. Catalogo: Böhlke 1953:14. Località tipo: fiume Taiko a Saramao, Nanto, Taiwan. Tipo: Mus. Inst. Sci. Gov't. Formosa.

Oncorhynchus ishikawae Jordan & McGregor, 1925. Record of fishes obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan, 1922. Mem. Carnegie Mus. 93-346; v. 10 (no. 2) 132 Pls. 6 (fig. 1), 8 (fig. 6). Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), per Berg 1948:202 come "masu", Okada 1961:317,vedere anche Dorofeeva & Savvaitova 1998:33; sinonimo di "Salmo masou" Brevoort 1856, ma valida sottospecie, secondo Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:180; sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), ma valida sottospecie, secondo Sato et al. 1998:38, Mizuno et al. 1999:7, Nakabo 2000:304, Matsuura et al. 2000:24, Shimizu 2001:21, Nakabo 2002:304. Catalogo: Henn 1928:52, Ibarra & Stewart 1987:62. Località tipo: Lago Biwa, Giappone. Tipo: FMNH 58682 [ex CM 7786].

Oncorhynchus masou ishikawai Jordan & McGregor, 1925. Mem. Carnegie Mus. v. 10 (no. 2) 132 Pls. 6 (fig. 1), 8 (fig. 6). Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida, vedere sopra.

Oncorhynchus rhodurus Jordan & McGregor, 1925. Mem. Carnegie Mus. v. 10 (no. 2) 137 Pls. 7 (fig. 1), 8 (fig. 1-2). Status: nomenclatura soggetta a discussione, non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), per Berg 1948:202 come "masu", Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:39; nomenclatura valida come "Oncorhynchus rhodurus" Jordan & McGregor 1925, secondo Okada 1961:320, Dorofeeva & Savvaitova 1998:33; sinonimo di "Oncorhynchus masou" (Brevoort 1856), ma valida sottospecie, secondo Matsuura et al. 2000:28. catalogo: Henn 1928:53, Ibarra & Stewart 1987:62. Località tipo: Lake Hakone, Sagami, Prefettura di Kanagawa, Giappone. Tipo: FMNH 59389 [ex CM 7794]. Paratipi: FMNH 58690 (1).

Oncorhynchus rhodorus Jordan & McGregor, 1925. Mem. Carnegie Mus. v. 10 (no. 2) 137 Pls. 7 (fig. 1), 8 (fig. 1-2). Status: errore di scrittura, nomenclatura non valida.

Sottospecie - Oncorhynchus masou masou. Oncorhynchus masou macrostomus (Günther, 1877), endemica dal Giappone occidentale fino al versante pacifico dell'isola di Honshu, Shikoku e versante del Mar del Giappone dell'isola di Kyushu. Oncorhynchus masou formosanum, forma non anadroma (landlocked) limitata alle acque interne di Formosa (Taiwan).

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