La trota del Lago Sevan, Salmo ischchan

(Kessler, 1877)

Nomi comuni esteri - Inglese - Sevan trout. Danese - Sevan-ørred. Finnico - Sevanintaimen. Polacco - Pstrag sewanski, Pstrag gokszynski. Russo - Alabalakh, Bodzhaka, Gegarkuni, Ischchan, Letnij bakhtak.

Salmo ischchan Kessler 1877. The Aralo-Caspian Expedition. IV. Fishes of the Aralo-Caspio-Pontine ichthyological region. St. Petersburg. Aralo-Caspian Exped. i-xxvii + 1-360; 65 Pl. 4 (fig. 16). Status: nomenclatura originaria, valida. Opinioni: nomenclatura valida come "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, secondo Berg 1948:259, Dorofeeva 1998:442, Gabrielyan 2001:25, Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:157, Delling & Doadrio 2005:55; nomenclatura valida come "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, sottospecie "ischchan" Kessler 1877, per Gabrielyan 2001:25. Località tipo: lago Sevan, Armenia. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: (6) ZIN ?2867 (1).

Salmo gegarkuni Kessler 1877. Aralo-Caspian Exped. 68 Pl. 7 (fig. 17). Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, secondo Berg 1948:263; sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, infraspecie "gegarkuni" Kessler 1877, per Dorofeeva 1998:442; sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, ma valida sottospecie, per Gabrielyan 2001:25. Località tipo: lago Sevan, Armenia. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: (2) ZIN (non ritrovati nel 1997).

Salmo ischchan gegarkuni Kessler, 1877. Aralo-Caspian Exped. 68 Pl. 7 (fig. 17). Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida, vedere sopra. Sottospecie secondo Gabrielyan 2001:25.

Salmo danilewskii Gulelmi, 1888. Lake Gokcha (Sevan) and its fisheries. Vestnik Rybopromyshlennosti 33-52; v. 3 (no. 2) 46. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, secondo Berg 1948:265; sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, infraspecie "gegarkuni", per Dorofeeva 1998:442; sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, sottospecie "danilewskii" Gulelmi 1888, per Gabrielyan 2001:25. Località tipo: lago Sevan, Armenia. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: (9).

Salmo ischchan danilewskii Gulelmi, 1888. Vestnik Rybopromyshlennosti v. 3 (no. 2) 46. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida, vedere sopra. Sottospecie secondo Gabrielyan 2001:25.

Salmo ischchan aestivalis Fortunatov, 1926. Fishes and fisheries of Lake Sevan. Izv. Otd. Prikl. Ikht. 240-246; v. 4 (n° 2) 243 Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, secondo Berg 1948:261, Dorofeeva 1998:442 come infraspecie "aestivalis"; sinonimo di "Salmo ischchan" Kessler 1877, ma valida sottospecie come da descrizione, per Gabrielyan 2001:25. Località tipo: lago Sevan, Armenia. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: collocazione attuale ignota.

Note sulla sistematica - La trota del Lago Sevan è rappresentata da quattro sottospecie, Salmo ischchan ischchan, Salmo ischchan gegarkuni, Salmo ischchan aestivalis e Salmo ischchan danilewskii. Queste sottospecie hanno periodi riproduttivi separati e biologia nettamente diversa, situazione che suggerisce l'alta probabilità di trovarsi davanti a specie diverse. Gli studi a riguardo sono scarsi, soltanto recentemente sono iniziate ricerche volte a stabilire il reale status degli "ecotipi" di questo interessante salmonide.

Fonti bibliografiche principali - Berg, L.S., 1962. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem.

Bibliografia - Anon., 1999 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)).

Berg, L.S., 1962 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem.

Dorofeeva, E.A. and R.G. Rukhkyan, 1982 Divergence of the Sevan trout Salmo ischchan Kessler in the light of karyological and morphological data.(Divergenzija ischchana Salmo ischchan Kessler v svete kariologitscheskich I morfologitschenskich dannych). Vopr. Ikhtiol. 22(1):36-48.

Dorofeeva, E.A., 1967 Chromosome complexes of Salmo ischchan Kessler in connection with the karyotaxonomy of Salmonidae. Zool. Zh . 46(2):248-253.

Dorofeeva, E.A., 1998 Systematics and distribution history of European salmonid fishes of the genus Salmo. J. Ichthyol. 38(6):419-429.

Eschmeyer, W.N., Editor, 2004 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of January 2004.

Grabda, E. and T. Heese, 1991 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p.

Hartley, S.E. and M.T. Horne, 1984 Chromosome relationships in the genus Salmo.

Holcík, J., 1991 Fish introductions in Europe with particular reference to its central and eastern part. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48 (Suppl. 1):13-23.

Mitrofanov, V.P. and T. Petr, 1999 Fish and fisheries in the Altai, Northern Tien Shan and Lake Balkhash (Kazakhstan). p. 149-167. In T. Petr (ed.) Fish and fisheries at higher altitudes: Asia. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. No. 385. FAO, Rome. 304 p.

Rass, T.S., 1983 Fish. Vol. 4, Life of animals. V.E. Sokolov (ed.), Moscow: Prosveschenie. 575p.

Ricker, W.E., 1973 Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p.

Ruchkjan, R. G., 1984 The origin and speciation of the alabalakh trout (genus Salmo, Salmonidae) in the light of its karyological pecularities. Vopr. Ikhtiol. 24:368-373.

Salmo ischchan 1 34370 Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven, 1995 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften.

Salmo ischchan 1739 Welcomme, R.L., 1988 International introductions of inland aquatic species. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 294. 318 p.

Savvaitova, K.A. and T. Petr, 1999 Fish and fisheries in Lake Issyk-kul (Tien Shan), River Chu and Pamir lakes. p. 168-186. In T. Petr (ed.) Fish and fisheries at higher altitudes: Asia. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. No. 385. FAO, Rome. 304 p.

Savvaitova, K.A. and T. Petr., 1999 Fish and fisheries in Lake Sevan, Armenia, and in some other high altitude lakes of Caucasus. p. 279-304. In T. Petr (ed.) Fish and fisheries at higher altitudes: Asia. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. No. 385. FAO, Rome. 304 p.

Seafood Services Australia, 2004 Austalian Fish Names List http://www.seafoodservices.com.au, version 16 September 2003.

Vasil'ev, V.P., 1980 Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3):1-38.