Il salmerino di lago, Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum, 1792)

Nomi comuni esteri - Francese - Cristivomer, Omble d'Amérique, Omble du Canada, Touladi, Truite de lac d'Amérique, Truite grise. Inglese - Great Lakes char, Grey trout, Lake charr, Lake trout, Laker, Laker, Landlocked salmon, Mackinaw trout, Masamacush, Mountain trout, Salmon trout, Siscowet, Taque, Togue, Namaycush. Spagnolo - Trucha lacustre. Portoghese - Truta-do-lago, Salvelino-lacustre. Tedesco - Amerikanische Seeforelle. Danese - Amerikansk søørred, Canadarødding, Canadarøding, Kanadarødding. Norvegese - Canadaröye, Canadarøye. Svedese - Kanadaröding. Finnico - Harmaanieriä. Islandico - Murta. Polacco - Palia Jeziorowa. Russo - Severoamerikanskiy kristivomer. Serbo - Pastrva. Inuit (eschimese) - Akalukpik, Col-lic-puk, Iclook, Idlorak, Ihok, IIuuraq, Ikalukpik, Ikhiloktok, Ikhlorak, Ilortoq, Iqluq, Ishioraliktâq, Islorak, Isok, Isuuq, Isuuqiaq, Isuuqiq, Isuuraaryuk, Isuuraq, Ivitaruk, Keyteeleek, Milaqkkâyoq, Naaqtuuq, Näluarryuk, Nauktoq, Sigguayaq, Siuktuuk, Siyuktuuq. Lingua Cree - Namekus, Nemakos, Nemeks, Némèkus. Lingua Salish - K'wit'thet, K'wsech, Shamet skelex, Shmexwalsh, Sk'wel'eng's schaanexw, Slhop' schaanexw, Spak'ws schaanexw.

Salmo namaycush Walbaum, 1792. Petri Artedi Sueci Genera piscium (In quibus systema totum ichthyologiae proponitur cum classibus, ordinibus, generum characteribus, specierum differentiis, observationibus plurimis. Redactis speciebus 242 ad genera 52. Ichthyologiae, pars iii. Artedi Piscium 1-723). Status: nomenclatura originaria, non valida. Basata su Namaycush di Pennant 1784. Opinioni: nomenclatura valida come "Salvelinus namaycush" (Walbaum 1792), secondo Lee et al. 1980:117, Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:37, Smith 1986:236, Robison & Buchanan 1988:128, Pequeño 1989:29, Paulin et al. 1989:91, Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:138, McAllister 1990:86, Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:54, Page & Burr 1991:48, Stearley & Smith 1993:21, La Rivers 1994:257, Burnham-Curtis & Smith 1994:843, Baxter & Stone 1995:196, Chereshnev 1996:605, Sigler & Sigler 1996:213, Scott & Crossman 1998:220, Fuller et al. 1999:264, Dyer 2000:89, Lyons et al. 2000:40, Nakabo 2000:300, Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:200, Mecklenburg et al. 2002:198, Nakabo 2002:300, Moyle 2002:302, López et al. 2003:67, Wydoski & Whitney 2003:102, Hanel 2003:58, Nelson et al. 2004:86, Bailey et al. 2004:158, Menni 2004:85. Località tipo: laghi della Baia di Hudson, Canada. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum, 1792). Artedi Piscium Pt. 3 68. Status: nuova nomenclatura, valida.

Cristivomer namaycush (Walbaum, 1792). Artedi Piscium Pt. 3 68. Status: nuova nomenclatura, non valida.

Cristovomer namayacush (Walbaum, 1792). Artedi Piscium Pt. 3 68. Status: errore di scrittura, nomenclatura non valida.

Salmo pallidus Rafinesque, 1817. First decade of new North American fishes. Am. Monthly Mag. Crit. Rev. 120-121; v. 2 (n° 2) 120. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum 1792), secondo Smith 1985:238, La Rivers 1994:257, Scott & Crossman 1998:227. Località tipo: lago George, lago Champlain ed altri laghi, Nord America. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Salmo amethystus Mitchill, 1818. Description of three species of fish. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 407-412; v. 1 (pt 2) 410. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum 1792), per Smith 1985:238, La Rivers 1994:257, Scott & Crossman 1998:227. Località tipo: Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan, U.S.A.. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Salmo amethystinus Mitchill, 1818. Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida.

Salmo confinis DeKay, 1842. Zool. Zoology of New-York, or the New-York fauna; comprising detailed descriptions of all the animals hitherto observed within the state of New-York, with brief notices of those occasionally found near its borders, and accompanied by appropriate illustrations. Part IV. Fishes. W. & A. White & J. Visscher, Albany. (part of: Natural History of New York). Zool. New York i-xv + 1-415; 238 Pl. 38 (fig. 123). Status: sinonimo junior, nomenclatura non valida. Opinioni: sinonimo di Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum 1792), secondo Smith 1985:238, Scott & Crossman 1998:227. Località tipo: Silver Lake, Pennsylvania; Lago Luis e laghi di New York, U.S.A.. Tipo: non è noto nessun esemplare tipo.

Salmo ferox, Perley, 1852. Fish. Descriptive catalogue [in part] of the fishes of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. 2nd edition. Fredericton. Fish. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. 50 pp.; 196. Status: non una descrizione originale, ma un'identificazione di "Salmo ferox" Jardine 1835, per gli specimens del Canada orientale; nomenclatura  usata in omonimia, non disponibile, non valida. Opinioni: in  sinonimia con Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum 1792), secondo Scott & Crossman 1998:227). Località tipo: lago Eagle e laghi St. Francis, Metapediac, Miraimichi, Temiscoueta, Cheputnecticook, St. Croix Ground, Loch Lamond. Tipo: nessuno. Sintipi: collocazione attuale ignota.

Note sulla sistematica - Come nel caso delle trote europee, la sistematica delle popolazioni di S. namaycush dovrebbe essere soggetta ad una accurata rivisitazione, potrebbero esistere valide sottospecie o specie. I tre fenotipi esistenti nel Lago Superiore (Nord America), denominati lean, siscowet e humper o paperbelly, sono determinati geneticamente e quindi non sono il risultato di un adattamento ecologico (Morrow, J.E., 1980. The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248 p. Pagina 55).

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